新型尿素对冬小麦产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

为明确新型尿素在冬小麦的应用效果，采用田间试验，研究了普通尿素（Urea）、控失尿素（LC Urea）、海藻酸尿素（H Urea）、聚能网尿素（N Urea）、含锰尿素（Mn Urea）、控失尿素一次施肥（LC Urea 1）、普通尿素+等量锰（Urea+Mn）和不施肥（CK）对冬小麦产量、叶片SPAD、叶片光合生理特性和氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明，LC Urea和H Urea处理较Urea处理的小麦拔节期叶片SPAD分别显著提高1500%和1300%，灌浆期净光合速率分别显著增加3304%和2076%，气孔导度分别显著提高2609%和2174%，氮素积累量分别显著增加1439%和1236%，氮肥利用率分别提高4575%和3902%。N Urea和Mn Urea处理与Urea处理的产量无显著差异，LC Urea和H Urea处理较Urea处理显著增产1449%和1333%。控失尿素和海藻酸尿素能够有效提高穗数，改善冬小麦光合生理特性，促进氮素吸收利用，提高冬小麦产量和氮肥利用率，可在豫北潮土区推广应用。     

一种新型阳光蔬菜工厂C系列919温室

为了解决高寒及长江流域以南多雨地区土墙温室难建问题及实现温室育种、种植自动化、机械化作业,研发了一种新型装配式冬暖式C919温室,温室通过组装完成,采用钢制螺旋桩,不用焊接,只需在地下打螺旋桩,即可实现全天候施工。温室采用五防设计(防台风、防雨、防雪、防低温、防高温),具有土地利用率高(75%左右)、建设周期短(千亩园区建设周期90 d)、设计寿命长(50年)、材料环保(采用宝钢BFS 600高强不锈钢)、建设成本使用周期费用摊销低(土墙温室的70%)、运营维护成本低(土墙温室的50%)、机械作业用工少(减少人工60%以上)等优点,填补了高寒(-40 ℃以内)及长江流域以南多雨地区大跨度、装配式、全日光能源温室的空白。     

甘蔗横向种植机补种系统设计与试验

针对甘蔗横向种植机在种植过程中出现的漏播问题,设计了一套基于51单片机的甘蔗实时补种系统。通过对充种、储种、供种、护种及投种过程进行运动学和动力学的仿真分析,确定了影响补种效果的主要因素,设计了补种系统的关键部件。该系统采用AT89C52单片机、3套对射型激光传感器分别对漏种、补种箱和储蔗槽中蔗种余量不足的情况进行信号采集,进行漏种计数显示和实现蔗种余量不足时的报警,步进电机作为动力源,驱动辊耙转动完成补种过程。选取行进速度和补种辊槽数为试验因素,以补种成功率和重置率为补种性能指标,进行了二因素五水平的正交旋转组合试验。结果表明,行进速度对补种成功率的影响极显著,补种辊槽数对补种成功率的影响极显著;利用Excel软件进行了二次回归方程分析,得出当行进速度为3 km/h、补种辊槽数为10个时,补种成功率达到93.97%,重置率为1.69%。设计的实时补种系统性能稳定可靠,解决了播种器工作过程中的漏种问题。     

荒漠草原建群种及其枯落物的C、N、P生态化学计量特征

以希拉穆仁草原建群种羊草(Leymuschinensis)、短花针茅(Stipa breviflora Griseb)、芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens nevski)及其枯落物为研究对象,通过测定其C、N、P质量分数,并计算生态化学计量比,分析建群种养分限制格局及养分再吸收规律。结果表明:①植物叶片的C、N、P质量分数均值分别为398.74、24.41、1.55 g/kg,枯落物的为362.53、14.79、1.17 g/kg,3种植物叶片的C、N、P质量分数与其枯落物的差异显著(P<0.05)。②植物在枯落之前会将养分转移,防止养分的流失,N、P的养分再吸收效率范围分别在13.51%~77.49%、2.65%~49.51%,N的回流率大于P,进而使其具备了较强的适应干旱环境的能力。③3种植物叶片的N/P、C/N、C/P变化范围分别在11.81~21.70、15.76~16.59、195.47~273.37,枯落物的变化范围分别在7.72~17.05、17.71~64.46、215.43~487.46,3种植物叶片与枯落物的N/P、C/P差异显著(P<0.05)。④植物叶片N/P均值为16.95,枯落物N/P均值为12.31,说明植物的生长主要受P的限制。研究结果可为荒漠草原提供草地管理指导。     

检测马疱疹病毒4型抗体间接ELISA方法的建立及应用简

In order to establish an indirect ELISA method for detection of equine herpesviruses type 4 （EHV4） antibody, the glycoprotein G （gG） protein with specific epitope worked as a detection antigen. After optimizing conditions, the indirect ELISA method was developed successfully，specificity and repeatability tests were determined. The result was that the EHV4 gG only reacted with antibodies against EHV4;but not with antibodies against EHV1; both the intro-batch and inter-batch variation coefficiencies were lower than 10%.Concordance of the indirect ELISA relative to commercial EHV1/4 antibody kit was above 90%.The results indicated that the indirect ELISA method could be used for the detection and epidemiological surveys of EHV4 infection.     

黑龙江西部低山丘陵区应用保水剂造林适宜施用量试验研究

保水剂不同施用量的盆栽梯度试验与不同拌种比例的直播造林试验的结果表明：随着保水剂施用量的增加，植苗造林维持苗木成活生长时间逐渐延长，其中维持新植苗木持续成活生长15天左右的施用量分别为：小黑杨（2根1干）10～12 g，丁香（2年实生苗）8～10 g，樟子松（2年实生苗）6～8 g；直播拌种造林则随着加拌保水剂比例增大，胡枝子出苗量逐渐提高，1∶10、1∶15及1∶20比例与对照差异显著，当年苗高同时逐渐提高，1∶10比例与对照差异显著。通过与人工浇水比较，在保证造林成活率的前提下，植苗造林施用保水剂可分别节约造林抚育成本：小黑杨1142．5元／hm2、丁香1110元／hm2、樟子松1353．34元／hm2。     

郑州市城区悬铃木生长与健康状况调研

为研究郑州市城区道路行道树的生长及健康状况,以悬铃木为研究对象进行抽样调查。调查结果显示,郑州市城区悬铃木以中型植株为主,株高7.5~12.5 m的占比63.22%;胸径20.0~40.0 cm的占比57.46%;冠幅6.0~14.0 m的占比65.79%。郑州市内金水区大型悬铃木植株最多,生长状况最优,是道路林荫环境最好的区域。研究区内大部分植株处于“亚健康”和“生长维持”状态,Ⅰ级植株所占比例偏小,仅为7.33%,亚健康植株占比最大,近60%,频死植株占比10.86%。二七区、中原区、高新区3个城区的悬铃木健康状况优于其他城区,惠济区、金水区2个城区悬铃木的健康状况较差。在养护管理条件相似的情况下,立地条件较好的绿带植株整体健康水平优于树穴植株,大型悬铃木植株健康状况普遍优于中小型植株,乔、灌、草3层垂直结构的悬铃木的健康水平优于其它垂直结构,三板四带式道路结构类型的悬铃木植株健康水平最为优异。     

积和式的几种常用计算方法

积和式是一种特殊的矩阵函数,它在组合设计、组合矩阵论和概率论等领域都有很广泛的应用,特别是在组合矩阵论中描述组合问题时更有着不可替代的优势.文章通过将积和式与行列式作类比,介绍了积和式的基本性质并研究了积和式的几种常用方法.     

Role of miR-219 and TGFBR2 in pathogenesis of renal fibrosis

AIM:To study the role of microRNA-219 (miR-219) in regulation of transforming growth factor-β receptor type 2 (TGFBR2) in renal fibrosis. METHODS:The renal fibrosis patients (n=70) were selected in this stu-dy, and 20 cases of healthy people were selected as control group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-219 in the serum of the patients with renal fibrosis and control group, and the expression of miR-219 in NRK49F cells after stimulation with angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) was detected. The protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the NRK49F cells transfected with miR-219 mimics after stimulation with AngⅡ was determined by Western blot. The potential target gene TGFBR2 of miR-219 was screened and verified by the method of luciferase reporter gene. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detected the effect of miR-219 mimics on the expression of TGFBR2 at mRNA and protein levels, and the mRNA expression of α-SMA, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), type I collagen α1 (COL1A1) and COL3A1 in the NRK49F cells was also detected, respectively. The unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) mouse model was established and the expression of miR-219 in the renal tissue was monitored. The morphological change of renal fibrosis was observed in the UUO mice after injection of miR-219, and the mRNA expression levels of COL1A1 and COL3A1 were detected. RESULTS:The expression level of miR-219 in the patients with renal fibrosis was significantly lower than that in control group, and the expression of miR-219 in the UUO mice was decreased significantly (P<0.01). The expression level of miR-219 was significantly decreased in the NRK49F cells after AngⅡ stimulation, and miR-219 mimics inhibited the protein expression of α-SMA(P<0.01). miR-219 mimics had a targeted regulatory effect on TGFBR2 gene, which inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TGFBR2. miR-219 mimics inhibited the mRNA expression of α-SMA, CTGF, COL1A1 and COL3A1. miR-219 also down-regulated the mRNA expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1 in the UUO mice and inhibited the process of renal fibrosis. CONCLUSION:miR-219 inhibits the development of renal fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of TGFBR2, which may become a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of renal fibrosis.     

食用型紫心甘薯新品种湘紫薯174 的选育

湘紫薯174 是以浙紫薯1 号为母本、浙紫薯3 号为父本杂交选育而成的食用型紫心甘薯新品种，薯块纺锤形，薯皮 紫红色，薯肉紫色，结薯较集中整齐，单株结薯4～5 个，大中薯率82.7% 以上，熟食味好，抗黑斑病，中抗根腐病、茎线 虫病和薯瘟病；每667 m² 鲜薯产量1 913～2 359 kg，薯干产量549～736 kg；花青素含量为714.5 mg · kg^-1（FW）。适宜在湖 南、湖北、江西、江苏、浙江等地春夏薯区种植。